Impact of diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic syndrome on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease among postmenopausal women

BACKGROUND In spite of an increase in the incidence and prevalence diabetes mellitus (DM) Alzheimer's disease (AD) aging population worldwide, limited attention has been paid to their potential association. AIM To investigate association DM cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS, a precursor DM) with risk incident AD among postmenopausal women. METHODS Postmenopausal women aged 50-79 (n = 63117) who participated U.S. Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHIOS), recruited 1993-1998, without baseline followed up through March 1, 2019, were analyzed. was classified by participant-reported history doctor-diagnosis WHIOS. defined participant-report or treated because serum glucose concentrations ≥ 126 mg/dL. CMS as having 3 five components: large waist circumference, high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, glucose, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The associations analyzed using Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS During median follow-up 20 years (range: 3.36 23.36 years), 63117 participants, 8340 developed AD. Women had significantly higher [8.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 8.0-9.0 per 1000 person-years (PY)] than those (7.1, 95%CI: 6.9-7.2 PY). Multivariate analysis indicated that CMS. corresponding hazard ratios [HR (95%CI)] 1.22 (1.13-1.31, P < 0.001) subjects DM, 1.18 (1.09-1.27, HRs diminished age became non-significant oldest group. CONCLUSION years, associated More specifically, 50-69 vs these conditions relative risks 70-79